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Sarah Lensen Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

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Sarah Armstrong Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, The Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield

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Emily Vaughan NIHR Academic Clinical Fellow, University of Bristol, UK, Academic Women’s Health Unit, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK

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Lucy Caughey Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

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Michelle Peate Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

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Cynthia Farquhar M&HS Building 507, 28 Park Ave, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand

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Allan Pacey Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, The Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield

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Adam Balen Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Great George St, Leeds, UK

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Elaine Wainwright Epidemiology Group, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, UK
Department for Health, University of Bath Honorary Research Fellow, Bath Spa University, UK

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were recruited via professional organisation mailing lists (e.g. the British Fertility Society), social media advertising, an established (In)Fertility Research Panel ( https

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/RAF-22-0136
Volume/Issue:
Volume 4: Issue 2
Open access
Vanessa Caroline Fioravante Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu (IBB), UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil

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Alana Rezende Godoi Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu (IBB), UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil

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Victória Mokarzel de Barros Camargo Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu (IBB), UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil

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Patricia Fernanda Felipe Pinheiro Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu (IBB), UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil

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Marcelo Martinez Department of Morphology and Pathology, Univ Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil

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Carlos Roberto Padovani Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu (IBB), UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil

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Francisco Eduardo Martinez Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu (IBB), UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil

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ingested and the consumers’ characteristics ( Balddin et al. 2018 ). Approximately 15% of couples show signs of infertility ( Sharlip et al. 2002 , Barazani et al. 2014 ), being the daily habits, including diet and exposure to toxicants responsible

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/RAF-22-0009
Volume/Issue:
Volume 3: Issue 3
Open access
Hannan Al-Lamee Centre for Women’s Health Research, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK
Liverpool Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK
Hewitt Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Liverpool Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK

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Amy Ellison Centre for Women’s Health Research, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK

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Josephine Drury Centre for Women’s Health Research, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK

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Christopher J Hill Centre for Women’s Health Research, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK

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Andrew J Drakeley Liverpool Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK
Hewitt Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Liverpool Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK

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Dharani K Hapangama Centre for Women’s Health Research, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK
Liverpool Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK

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Nicola Tempest Centre for Women’s Health Research, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK
Liverpool Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK
Hewitt Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Liverpool Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK

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Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine 2013 Definitions of infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion . Fertility and Sterility 99 63. ( https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.09.023 ) Quenby S Anim-Somuah M

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/RAF-21-0093
Volume/Issue:
Volume 3: Issue 1
Open access
Yu-Fei Yang College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
Ningbo Jiangshan High School, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China

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Jia-Hao Wu College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China

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Run-Lan Lin College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China

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Shang-Jun Yin College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China

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Guo-Ying Qian College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China

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Wei Wang College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China

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Yong-Doo Park College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China
Skin Diseases Research Center, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, PR China
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, PR China

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infertility . Nature Reviews. Genetics 3 790 – 801 . ( https://doi.org/10.1038/NRG911 ) 12360237 Fernandes Araujo Chaves LP Viana DC Chaves EP Miglino MA & de Sousa AL 2020 Reproductive morphophysiology of the male scorpion mud turtle

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/RAF-22-0117
Volume/Issue:
Volume 4: Issue 1
Open access
Tsafrir S Kolatt Iyar – Institute for Advanced Research, Israel
Fertigo Medical Ltd., Zichron Yaakov, Israel

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Yoel Shufaro Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
The Felsenstein Medical Research Center, the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University

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Shlomo Mashiach Assuta Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel

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Bernard Czernobilsky Patho-Lab Diagnostics Ltd, Ness Ziona, Israel

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Sarit Aviel-Ronen Assuta Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel

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Liat Apel-Sarid Patho-Lab Diagnostics Ltd, Ness Ziona, Israel

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Mazal Dahan Fertigo Medical Ltd., Zichron Yaakov, Israel

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Yuval Or Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel

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infertility due to oligo-ovulation or anovulation, (iii) patients with a medical history of malignant tumors in their reproductive system, (iv) patients that were on any hormonal medications or hormonal treatment (excluding hormonal contraception in previous

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/RAF-22-0135
Volume/Issue:
Volume 4: Issue 1
Open access
Gabriel Maicas Australian Institute for Machine Learning, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

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Mathew Leonardi OMNI Gynaecological Ultrasound and Care, Sydney, Australia
Sydney Medical School Nepean, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada

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Jodie Avery Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

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Catrina Panuccio Specialist Imaging Partners, North Adelaide, Australia

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Gustavo Carneiro Australian Institute for Machine Learning, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

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M Louise Hull Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women & Children’s Hospital, Adelaide, Australia

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George Condous OMNI Gynaecological Ultrasound and Care, Sydney, Australia
Sydney Medical School Nepean, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

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POD obliteration, regardless of risk for endometriosis, is relevant as it informs clinicians about the etiology of symptoms, guides medical and surgical treatments for pain and infertility, and provides vital information for surgical risk

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/RAF-21-0031
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 4
Open access
Irene Gazzo Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI Department), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy

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Francesca Bovis Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy

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Denise Colia Reproductive Medicine Unit, Ospedale Evangelico Internazionale, Genova, Italy

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Fausta Sozzi Physiopathology of Human Reproduction Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy

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Mauro Costa Reproductive Medicine Unit, Ospedale Evangelico Internazionale, Genova, Italy

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Paola Anserini Physiopathology of Human Reproduction Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy

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Claudia Massarotti Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI Department), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy

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regression model that had treatment as the dependent variable (follitropin delta vs follitropin alpha/beta) and the following baseline variables as independent covariates: age, fertility unit, BMI, AMH, presence of severe male infertility, presence of PCOS

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/RAF-23-0045
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 1
Open access
Ibrahim Banaru Abubakar Department of Family Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria

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Hafsat Banaru Abubakar Department of Family Medicine, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria

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infertility, and the lack of access to health-care services ( Uhuo et al. 2020 ). Barrier methods, such as condoms and diaphragms, are also underutilized, with only 6.7% of women using them. Cultural and religious beliefs discourage their use, and access to

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/RAF-23-0063
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 2
Open access
Rachel T Cox Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

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Joanna Poulton Nuffield Department of Women’s & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

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Suzannah A Williams Nuffield Department of Women’s & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

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( Wilding et al. 2003 ). Oocytes retrieved from women of increased maternal age who were being treated for idiopathic infertility showed structural and functional mitochondrial deficits ( Muller-Hocker et al. 1996 , Chan et al. 2005 , Murakoshi et

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/RAF-21-0060
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 4
Open access
Caitriona Brennan Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Kristina Chan Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Tanya Kumar Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Erica Maissy Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Linda Brubaker Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Marisol I Dothard Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Jack A Gilbert Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Katharine E Gilbert Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Amanda L Lewis Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Varykina G Thackray Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Amir Zarrinpar Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Jennifer Moreno Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, La Jolla, California, USA
Institute of Diabetes and Metabolic Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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Rob Knight Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

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infertility and dysmenorrhea, and is a risk factor for ovarian cancer ( Kok et al. 2015 ). However, it is not easily diagnosed as surgical exploration is the gold standard. There is currently no known cure for endometriosis, and treatment aims to control

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/RAF-23-0060
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 2
Open access