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Maria Handzhiyska Department of Research, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria

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Rumiana Ganeva Department of Research, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria

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Dimitar Parvanov Department of Research, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria

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Margarita Ruseva Department of Research, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria

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Petar Eftimov Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, SU St. Climent Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria

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Vilyana Georgieva Department of Andrology, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria

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Denitsa Velikova Department of Andrology, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria

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Georgi Stamenov Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria

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). The selection of human spermatozoa with better motility, a lower number of morphological abnormalities, and decreased levels of DNA fragmentation has been proven to be useful for improving fertilization, implantation, and ongoing pregnancy ( Lundin et

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Rumiana Ganeva Research Department, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria

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Dimitar Parvanov Research Department, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria

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Denitsa Velikova Andrology Department, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria

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Magdalena Vasileva Embryology Department, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria

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Kristina Nikolova Embryology Department, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria

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Georgi Stamenov Obsterics and Gynecology Department, Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria

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characteristics have emerged as important markers of sperm quality, such as sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) ( Jin et al. 2015 , Chen et al. 2020 ) and the sperm zona-adhesion ability ( Hamada et al. 2012 , Ganeva et al. 2019 a ). Numerous studies have

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Alena J Hungerford Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia

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Hassan W Bakos Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
Monash IVF Group, Sydney, NSW, Australia

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Robert J Aitken Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia

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& Sakkas 2019 ). The quality of the isolated cells was monitored by reference to sperm motility, vitality, morphology, mitochondrial ROS production, lipid aldehyde generation, and DNA fragmentation. The results emphasize the unique ability of the

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Fabien Joao Fertilys Fertility Center, Laval, Quebec, Canada

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Cyntia Duval Fertilys Fertility Center, Laval, Quebec, Canada

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Marie-Claire Bélanger Fertilys Fertility Center, Laval, Quebec, Canada
Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), CHUM Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

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Julie Lamoureux Fertilys Fertility Center, Laval, Quebec, Canada

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Cheng Wei Xiao Fertilys Fertility Center, Laval, Quebec, Canada

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Senem Ates Fertilys Fertility Center, Laval, Quebec, Canada

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Moncef Benkhalifa Fertilys Fertility Center, Laval, Quebec, Canada
Université Picardie Jules Verne, Médecine et Biologie de la Reproduction et Laboratoire PERITOX, CBH-CHU Amiens Picardie, Amiens, France

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Pierre Miron Fertilys Fertility Center, Laval, Quebec, Canada

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fluid oxidative stress was finally evaluated using the MiOXSYS. Sperm DNA fragmentation Sperm DNA fragmentation was measured using the In-Situ Cell Death Detection Kit (Roche) in 604 patients according to the manufacturer’s recommendations

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Mathias Abiodun Emokpae Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria

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Somieye Imaobong Brown Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria

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aging on increase DNA fragmentation was reported to be a contributing factor to the low success rate of assisted reproduction technology (ART) treatment in infertile couples ( Alvarez Sedó et al. 2017 ). Individuals should be counseled to start a

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Fatima Kazue Okada Human Reproduction Section, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo, R. Borges Lagoa, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Rhayza Roberta Andretta Human Reproduction Section, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo, R. Borges Lagoa, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Deborah Montagnini Spaine Human Reproduction Section, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo, R. Borges Lagoa, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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calculated. Evaluation of nuclear DNA integrity The nuclear DNA fragmentation was evaluated using the alkaline comet assay (Comet) ( Blumer et al. 2008 , Intasqui et al. 2016 ). The samples were diluted in 0.75% low melting point agarose in Tris

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Ndivhuho B Takalani Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa

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Elizabeth M Monageng Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa

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Kutullo Mohlala Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa

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Thomas K Monsees Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa

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Ralf Henkel Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
LogixX Pharma, Theale, Reading, Berkshire, UK

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Chinyerum S Opuwari Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa

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for MDA Khoubnasabjafari et al. (2015) DNA fragmentation TUNEL is a technique for identifying apoptotic DNA fragmentation that is frequently used to recognize and measure apoptotic cells or to find cells that have excessively

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Leah Calvert School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW, Australia

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Jacinta H Martin School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW, Australia

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Amanda L Anderson School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW, Australia

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Ilana R Bernstein School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW, Australia

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Nathan D Burke School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW, Australia

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Geoffry N De Iuliis School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW, Australia

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Andrew L Eamens School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia

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Matthew D Dun Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia

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Brett D Turner Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
Priority Research Centre for Geotechnical Science and Engineering, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia

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Shaun D Roman NSW Health Pathology, Newcastle, NSW, Australia

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Mark P Green School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

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Brett Nixon School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW, Australia

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slides were then visualized and imaged on an AXIOplan Imager 2 fluorescence microscope. The degree of DNA fragmentation was determined using Comet Assay IV software (Perceptive Instruments, Suffolk, UK) in which the relative fluorescence intensity of the

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Iman Al-Saleh Environmental Health Program, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Serdar Coskun Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Reem Al-Rouqi Environmental Health Program, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Tahreer Al-Rajudi Environmental Health Program, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Chafica Eltabache Environmental Health Program, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Mai Abduljabbar Environmental Health Program, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Saad Al-Hassan Reproductive Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Investigation 36 1117 – 1120 . ( https://doi.org/10.3275/9097 ) Atig F Kerkeni A Saad A Ajina M 2017 Effects of reduced seminal enzymatic antioxidants on sperm DNA fragmentation and semen quality of Tunisian infertile men . Journal of Assisted

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Maria Dri Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy

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Francesca Gioia Klinger Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy

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Massimo De Felici Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy

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, stimulating at the same time granulosa cell proliferation and reducing DNA fragmentation in such cells through the PI3K/Akt pathway. In this regard, it is worthy to mention that in a model of mouse gestational diabetes, the PMF formation in the ovaries of a

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